First, road transport. This is a way of transporting cargo on the highway, mainly using air carts, but also using other vehicles, such as human and animal carts. Road transport mainly undertakes short-distance and small-batch freight transport and water transport, long-distance transport in areas that are difficult to reach by railway transport, and short-distance transport in which the advantages of railway and water transport are difficult to play. Due to the flexibility of road transport, in recent years, in areas with rail and water transport, the use of road transport has also begun for longer distances in large quantities. Highway CARRIES MAIN ADVANTAGE IS FLEXIBILITY STRONG, HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION PERIOD IS SHORT, INVESTMENT IS lower, adjust MEASURES to local conditions EASILY, TO RECEIVE STATION FACILITY REQUIREMENT IS NOT TALL. "Door-to-door" transportation can be adopted, that is, from the sender's door to the receiver's door, without transhipment or repeated loading, unloading and handling. Road transport can also be used as a means of connecting other modes of transport. The economic radius of highway transport is generally within 200 kilometers.

2. Railway transportation. This is a mode of transportation that uses railway trains to carry passengers and goods. Railway transport mainly undertakes long-distance and large quantities of freight. In areas without water transport conditions, almost all large quantities of goods depend on railway, which is the main form of transport in the trunk line transport.

The advantage of railway transportation is fast speed, transportation is not limited by natural conditions, carrying volume is large, transportation cost is low. The main disadvantage is poor flexibility, only on fixed lines to achieve transport, need to be matched with other means of transport and connection. Economic mileage of railway transport is above 200 km generally.

Three, water transport. This is a mode of transportation in which passengers and goods are transported by ship.

Water transport mainly carries large quantity and long distance transport, and is the main form of transport in trunk line transport. In inland rivers and coastal areas, water transport is also often used as a small means of transport, as a supplement to the bulk trunk transport task.

The main advantage of water transport is low cost, low cost, large quantities, long-distance transport. However, water transport also has obvious disadvantages. The main one is the slow speed of transport, which is greatly affected by port, water level, season and climate, so that the interruption time of transport is longer in a year. Water transport takes the following four forms:

(1) Coastal transportation. It is a way to transport passengers and goods by ships through coastal waterways near the mainland. Generally, medium and small ships are used.

(2) Offshore transportation. It is a form of transportation in which ships are used to transport passengers and goods through the sea lanes of countries adjacent to the mainland. Medium-sized ships or small ships may be used depending on the voyage.

(3) Ocean transportation. Is the use of ships across the ocean long-distance transport form, mainly rely on the volume of large ships.

(4) Inland river transport. Is the use of ships in the land of rivers, rivers, lakes, rivers and other waterways for transport, mainly used in the use of medium and small ships.

4. Air transport. This is a form of transportation by aircraft or other aircraft. The unit cost of air transport is very high. Therefore, there are two types of goods mainly suitable for carrying. One type is goods with high value and strong freight capacity, such as parts of valuable equipment and high-grade products. The other is the emergency materials, such as disaster relief materials.

The main advantage of air transport is that it is fast and unrestricted by terrain. In areas where trains and automobiles cannot reach, air transport can also be relied on, so it has its great significance.

V. Pipeline transportation. This is a mode of transport in which gases, liquids and powdery solids are transported by pipe. The transportation form is realized by moving objects in the pipeline along the direction of pressure, and the important difference is that the pipeline equipment is stationary.

The main advantage of pipeline transportation is that, due to the use of sealed equipment, it can avoid the loss of loose, lost and other losses in the transportation process, and there is no ineffective transportation problem caused by the consumption of power by other transportation equipment itself in the transportation process. In addition, the transport volume is large, suitable for large and continuous delivery of materials.